Background: Glass carbomers, such as GCP Glass Fill, are a type of GICs, which have nanosized apatite added to their composition. The manufacturer describes this material to have remineralizing properties.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of this material and the effect of finishing by thermocuring and gloss on its properties.Methods: Bioactivity was measured by Ca and PO4 release studies, SEM, FT-IR, as well as EDX. Mechanical properties were measured by a compressive strength test.Results: Cements of all finishing types (with/without gloss and/or thermocuring) had comparable and acceptable initial compressive strengths. After an incubation period, all strengths decreased.Conclusions: Although GCP Glass Fill should be Bioactive, no signs of bioactivity after incubation in SBF were observed. Moreover, the finishing conditions with Glass and thermocuring do not improve the mechanical properties of the cement. Therefore, this material is not superior to e.g. GICs.

Objective: Osseous defects arounddental implants are often seen when implants are placed in areas with inadequate alveolar bone, or around failing implants. Bone regenera-tion in these areas using bone grafts or its substitutes may improve dental implants prog-nosis. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize the Bioactive Glass nanopow-der and development of its coating for treatment of oral bone defects. Materials and Methods: Bioactive bioGlass coating was made on stainless steel plates by sol-gel technique. The powder shape and size was evaluated by transmission electron mi-cropscopy, and thermal properties studied using differential thermal analysis (DTA). Structural characterization techniques (XRD) were used to analyze and study the structure and phase present in the prepared Bioactive Glass nanopowder. This nanopowder was immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Fourier transform infrared spec-troscopy (FTIR) was utilized to recognize and confirm the formation of apatite layer on prepared Bioactive Glass nanopowder. Results: The bioGlass powder size was less than 100 nanometers which was necessary for better bioactivity, and preparing a homogeneous coating. The formation of apatite layer confirmed the bioactivity of the bioGlass nanopowder. Crack-free and homogeneous bioGlass coatings were achieved with no observable defects. Conclusion: It was concluded that the prepared Bioactive Glass nanopowder could be more effective as a bone replacement material than conventional Bioactive Glass to pro-mote bone formation in osseous defects. The prepared Bioactive Glass nanopowder could be more useful for treatment of oral bone defects compare to conventional hydroxyapatite or Bioactive Glass.

Nowadays, zirconia has been favored greatly for dental implants; however its disadvantages such as poor mechanical properties and brittleness makes it unsuitable. On the other hand, Bioactive Glasses coating have been utilized on tougher substrates such as zirconia. Bioactive Glass coatings can decrease the healing time and hence accelerate the formation of the bond between bone and implant. Hence, in this study, we introduce the novel zirconia/Bioactive Glass composites with high mechanical strength and bioactivity to achieve the ideal implant in dentistry. Furthermore, a review of Bioactive Glass coatings (i. e., 45S5 and 58S) on zirconia as well as surface modification methods (i. e., sol-gel, laser cladding, plasma spraying, etc. ) is provided.

The aim of this work was preparation, development and characterization of Bioactive Glass coating by sol–gel technique for improvement of biocompatibility of 316L stainless steel implant used in dentistry and orthopaedic surgery. BioGlass powder was made by sol–gel technique and thermal properties of the prepared powder were studied using differential thermal analysis (DTA). The prepared bioGlass powder was immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to recognize and confirm of the formation of apatite layer on prepared bioGlass powder. Bioactive bioGlass coating was performed on 316L stainless steel (SS) substrate by the sol–gel technique. Structural characterization techniques including XRD, SEM and EDX were used to investigate the microstructure and morphology of the coating. Electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed in two different types of physiological solutions at 37oC in order to determine and compare the corrosion behavior of the bioGlass coated SS and uncoated specimens as an indication of biocompatibility. The formation of apatite layer confirmed the bioactivity of the bioGlass powder and tests revealed that all the films signs of bioactivity. It was also found that at sintering temperatures above 900oC, crystalline phase Ca2SiO4 was formed. Crack-free and homogeneous bioGlass coatings were obtained with no observable defects. The bioGlass coating also improved corrosion resistance of the 316L SS substrates such as the corrosion current density of coated samples in comparison with pristine samples was decreased.It was concluded that the sol-gel bioGlass coating can improve the corrosion behavior of dental and orthopedic metallic implants and two goals including improvement of biocompatibility and bone osteointegration can be obtained simultaneously.

Objective: Bioactive Glass 45S5 is a surface reactive Glass-ceramic biomaterial, developed in 1969. BAG 45S5 with particle size of 20-60 nm has the ability of bone regeneration, broad spectrum antibacterial effect, repairs and replaces diseased or damaged bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and determine MIC and MBC values of nano-BAG45S5 on Streptococcus mutans.Methods: In this study the in vitro Antibacterial activity of polycrystalline and Glass forms of nano-BAG 45S5 was evaluated. Bacterial susceptibility to test materials was examined by antibiogram test. Afterwards MIC and MBC assays were conducted via broth dilution, disc diffusion and colony count methods.Results: Despite amorphous nano-BAG 45S5, poly-crystalline form had antibiogram negative test result. In broth dilution test, the optical absorbance of test dilution of 50mcg/ml and higher concentrations were equal to negative control’s optical absorbance and their inhibitory zone diameter were measured 10.0mm in disc diffusion test. No colony was observed on the culture media of test dilution of 200mcg/ml and higher concentrations.Conclusion: Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35668) is not susceptible to poly-crystalline nano-BAG45S5. Amorphous nano-BAG45S5 is bacteriostatic against Streptococcus mutans. MIC and MBC values for amorphous nano-BAG45S5 were 50 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively.

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 49S Bioactive Glass nanoparticles made by sol-gel technique on bone regeneration in dentistry. These Glass are especially used as bone repair materials because of their properties such as biodegradability and bioactivity, so they seem to be successful in orthopedic and dental surgery. Material and Methods: Acoording to this review, articles were searched using the keywords in Science direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Silivica databases between year 2006-2018, and 35 most related articles were choose. Results: According to studies, Bioactive Glass can perform specific biological activities after implantation. Due to the amount of ions released by the dissolution of these nano materials, they can be used for bone repair and dental problems. Conclusions: The Bioactive Glass 49S is preferred over other materials because of its special propertie Such as having nano-sized particles, the ability to bind to the soft tissue, ions release that influences bone growth and proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow cells. It is therefore suitable alternative to the orthopedic and dental bone grafts.